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. 2021 Aug 9;26:76. doi: 10.1186/s12199-021-00996-4

Table 4.

Household environmental and individual factors among solid fuel user and clean fuel user

Total Clean fuel user Solid fuel user P-value
Houses type; n (%)
 Gher 13531 (32.6) 300 (2.5) 13231 (45.0) <0.01
 Wooden house 16331 (39.4) 786 (6.5) 15545 (52.9)
 Apartment 10298 (24.8) 9989 (82.8) 309 (1.1)
 Other 1290 (3.1) 994 (8.2) 296 (1.0)
Separate kitchen; n (%)
 Yes 21411 (51.7) 8982 (74.4) 12429 (42.3) <0.01
 No 20039 (48.3) 3087 (25.6) 16952 (57.7)
Number of family members; n (%)
 ≤ 4 25924 (62.5) 7797 (64.6) 18127 (61.7) <0.01
 > 5 15526 (37.5) 4272 (35.4) 11254 (38.3)
Exposure to tobacco smoke inside home; n (%)
 Never 17264 (41.7) 5231 (43.3) 12033 (41.0) <0.01
 Occasional 10554 (25.5) 3499 (29.0) 7055 (24.0)
 Daily 13632 (32.9) 3339 (27.7) 10293 (35.0)
Household monthly income (₮); n (%)
 ≤ 500,000 22155 (53.4) 3828 (31.7) 18327 (62.4) <0.01
 500,001-1,000,000 14948 (36.1) 5550 (46.0) 9398 (32.0)
 1,000,001-1,500,000 2719 (6.6) 1576 (13.1) 1143 (3.9)
 ≥ 1,500,001 1628 (3.9) 1115 (9.2) 513 (1.7)
Smoking; n (%)
 Never 29781 (71.8) 8756 (72.5) 21025 (71.6) <0.01
 Quit 1259 (3.0) 380 (3.1) 879 (3.0)
 Occasional 1396 (3.4) 504 (4.2) 892 (3.0)
 Daily 9014 (21.7) 2429 (20.1) 6585 (22.4)
Alcohol consumption; n (%)
 Never 22351 (53.9) 5860 (48.6) 16491 (56.1) <0.01
 Once a month or less 15892 (38.3) 5182 (42.9) 10710 (36.5)
 2-4 times a month 2837 (6.8) 933 (7.7) 1904 (6.5)
 2-3 times a week 265 (0.6) 69 (0.6) 196 (0.7)
 At least 4 times a week 105 (0.3) 25 (0.2) 80 (0.3)
Diabetes; n (%)
 No 17801 (42.9) 1484 (12.3) 16317 (55.5) <0.01
 Yes 1011 (2.4) 387 (3.2) 624 (2.1)
 Unknown 22638 (54.6) 10198 (84.5) 12440 (42.3)
Contact with active TB; n (%)
 No 35020 (84.5) 9934 (82.3) 25086 (85.4) <0.01
 Yes 6430 (15.5) 2135 (17.7) 4295 (14.6)
BMI; n (%)
 Normal 18779 (45.3) 5286 (43.8) 13493 (45.9) <0.01
 Overweight 13206 (31.9) 3879 (32.1) 9327 (31.7)
 Obese class I 6096 (14.7) 1857 (15.4) 4239 (14.4)
 Obese class II 1543 (3.7) 484 (4.0) 1059 (3.6)
 Obese class III 470 (1.1) 127 (1.1) 343 (1.2)
 Underweight 1356 (3.3) 436 (3.6) 920 (3.1)
Previous history of TB; n (%)
 No 39785 (96.0) 11558 (95.8) 28227 (96.1) 0.10
 Yes 1665 (4.0) 511 (4.2) 1154 (3.9)

TB tuberculosis, BMI body mass index

P values were calculated using chi-square test to compare differences between clean fuel user and solid fuel user

aAverage monthly household income based on tugrik (₮) Mongolian currency $1 = 1800 ₮ in 2015