Table 4.
The results of multiple-adjusted GEE models in men and women
| Variables | Men | Women | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age groups | 20–39 years | 40–59 years | ≥ 60 years | 20–39 years | 40–59 years | ≥ 60 years |
| Groups | ||||||
| Control | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Intervention |
0.87a(0.74–1.01) 0.06† |
1.04 (0.86–1.26) 0.69 |
0.75 (0.58–0.98) 0.03 |
0.92 (0.81–1.05) 0.21 |
1.06 (0.90–1.25) 0.47 |
0.77 (0.60–1.00) 0.05 |
| Education level | ||||||
| Illiterate or primary | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Secondary |
1.01 (0.84–1.21) 0.92 |
0.89 (0.72–1.09) 0.24 |
1.20 (0.81–1.79) 0.37 |
0.91 (0.79–1.06) 0.24 |
0.92 (0.60–1.39) 0.69 |
0.73 (0.34–1.57) 0.42 |
| Higher |
0.91 (0.72–1.13) 0.38 |
0.84 (0.65–1.08) 0.18 |
1.38 (0.85–2.26) 0.20 |
0.75 (0.60–0.95) 0.02 |
0.83 (0.67–1.02) 0.08 |
1.17 (0.35–3.90) 0.80 |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Married | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Single |
0.79 (0.66–0.95) 0.01 |
0.59 (0.21–1.66) 0.31 |
0.57 (0.49–0.66) < 0.01 |
1.04 (0.51–2.11) 0.91 |
||
| Divorced or widowed |
0.92 (0.33–2.60) 0.88 |
1.39 (0.41–4.68) 0.60 |
1.33 (0.44–4.03) 0.62 |
1.13 (0.72–1.78) 0.58 |
0.82 (0.63–1.06) 0.13 |
0.77 (0.59–1.00) 0.05 |
| Occupation status | ||||||
| Unemployed | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Employed |
1.37 (1.09–1.71) < 0.01 |
0.97 (0.76–1.26) 0.85 |
1.08 (0.81–1.43) 0.59 |
1.32 (1.07–1.63) 0.01 |
0.90 (0.65–1.25) 0.54 |
0.20 (0.03–1.35) 0.10 |
| Current smoking | ||||||
| No | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Yes |
0.74 (0.63–0.88) < 0.01 |
0.62 (0.51–0.76) < 0.01 |
0.58 (0.41–0.83) < 0.01 |
0.54 (0.37–0.79) < 0.01 |
0.54 (0.38–0.76) < 0.01 |
0.66 (0.26–1.65) 0.37 |
| Physical activity | ||||||
| Low or moderate | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| High |
0.77 (0.64–0.91) < 0.01 |
0.92 (0.74–1.15) 0.47 |
0.99 (0.73–1.33) 0.93 |
1.07 (0.93–1.23) 0.38 |
1.00 (0.84–1.20) 0.98 |
1.35 (0.99–1.83) 0.06 |
| CKD | ||||||
| No | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Yes |
0.69 (0.38–1.25) 0.22 |
1.03 (0.77–1.38) 0.83 |
0.84 (0.64–1.09) 0.19 |
1.01 (0.74-1.37) 0.95 |
1.01 (0.85–1.21) 0.88 |
1.00 (0.77–1.31) 0.98 |
| Obesity | ||||||
| No | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Yes |
0.99 (0.78–1.25) 0.92 |
1.15 (0.90–1.48) 0.27 |
1.20 (0.83–1.73) 0.33 |
0.85 (0.71–1.00) 0.05 |
0.91 (0.77–1.07) 0.24 |
1.11 (0.86–1.45) 0.42 |
| Hypertension | ||||||
| No | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Yes |
1.03 (0.76–1.38) 0.87 |
1.15 (0.92–1.45) 0.23 |
0.83 (0.63–1.10) 0.20 |
0.93 (0.70–1.23) 0.61 |
0.84 (0.71–1.01) 0.05 |
1.03 (0.79–1.34) 0.85 |
| Diabetes | ||||||
| No | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Yes |
1.11 (0.69–1.78) 0.68 |
0.77 (0.59–1.01) 0.05 |
0.91 (0.66–1.25) 0.56 |
1.23 (0.82–1.85) 0.32 |
0.92 (0.75–1.14) 0.50 |
0.83 (0.63–1.08) 0.16 |
| CVD history | ||||||
| No | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Yes |
0.60 (0.24–1.49) 0.27 |
0.83 (0.55–1.26) 0.39 |
0.73 (0.51–1.05) 0.09 |
1.18 (0.47–2.95) 0.73 |
0.75 (0.52–1.08) 0.12 |
0.94 (0.65–1.36) 0.73 |
| Cancer history | ||||||
| No | ref | ref | ref | ref | ||
| Yes |
1.24 (0.48–3.15) 0.66 |
0.36 (0.08–1.64) 0.19 |
0.43 (0.20–0.93) 0.03 |
4.26 (0.67–26.98) 0.12 |
||
adata are the Odds ratios and 95% confidence interval of responding in follow-up examinations. †p-values