TABLE 2.

mRNA COVID-19 vaccines undergoing clinical testing.

Institutions	Vaccine name	Progress	Delivery system and mRNA coding
Institute of Military Medicine, Chinese Academy of Military Sciences	ARCoVax	WHO has evaluated the efficacy and safety data of phase III clinical trial of COVIV-02NCT04510207	Lipid nanoparticles encapsulate SARS-CoV-2 receptor- binding domain (RBD) Zhang et al. (2020)
Pfizer and BioNTech	BNT162b2	Phase I/II clinical data show good performance in safety, tolerability and immunogenicity. Phase III clinical trials has been launched. BNT162B2 has now been granted emergency authorization for administration in several countries, and has been rolled out throughout 2021	Lipid nanoparticles encapsulate SARS-CoV-2 trimeric Spike glycoprotein receptor- binding domain (RBD) Mulligan et al. (2020b)
Moderna and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	mRNA-1273	Early trial data showed that the vaccine produced neutralizing antibodies against the new coronavirus in at least 8 volunteers, but the phase III clinical trial was postponed	Liposome nanoparticles encapsulate modified SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein Jackson et al. (2020)