Table 1. Characteristics of included studies.
| Citation | 1st author, publication year | Location and setting | Disease of interest | Study population | Intervention/s | Targeted mosquito species | Primary disease outcome measure | Effectiveness of intervention |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [27] | Degener C.M. 2014 | Urban neighbourhoods in Manaus, Brazil. | Dengue | 1,487 households with approx. 6,300 inhabitants. | Mass adult mosquito trapping using BG Sentinel traps (approx. 26 traps/hectare); 1 trap per participating (opt-in) household used 24/7 for 17 months. | Ae. aegypti | OR of dengue infection using rapid IgM bloodspot tests compared between study arms during the last 2 months of the study period. | OR 2.84 (P = 0.288; Fishers exact test), not statistically significant. |
| [8] | Andersson N. 2015 | Urban and rural areas in Mexico (Guerrero State) and urban areas in Managua, Nicaragua. | Dengue | 9,894 children living in study clusters aged 3–9 years-old. | Chemical-free reduction of mosquito reproduction using approaches tailored to each cluster. Interventions included cleaning interior walls in houses, and covering receptacles used for mosquito breeding. Wastewater clean-up campaigns implemented. Fish introduced to non-drinking water containers in some Mexican clusters. | Ae. aegypti | RRR of dengue infection. Dengue IgG detected by paired saliva sampling following the dengue season compared between study arms. | RRR: 29.5% (95% CI: 3.8% to 55.3%), statistically significant. |
| [22] | Syafruddin D. 2014 | Umbungedo village and Wainyapu village (rural), Southwest Sumba District, East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. | Malaria | 170 malaria free, healthy resident men aged 18–60 years living in separate households and slept in the village >90% of nights, and had no plans for extended travel during the study period. | 4 burning spatial repellent coils in each participant’s dwelling. The coils used in the intervention arm were 90% active and 10% placebo type, while coils in the control arm were 90% placebo and 10% active type. | Anopheles | Relative risk (RR) of malaria infection detected using weekly blood smear screening for Plasmodium parasitaemia compared between study arms. | RR: 0.65 (95% CI: 0.09–4.8), not statistically significant. |
| [28] | Degener C.M. 2015 | Cidade Nova neighbourhood (urban), Manaus, Brazil. | Dengue | 775 households included; 340 participants provided serological samples. | Mass adult mosquito trapping using Sticky Trap MosquiTRAP x3 per participating household (206 households opted in at baseline out of 403 total households in intervention clusters). | Ae. aegypti | OR of dengue infection using rapid IgM bloodspot tests compared between study arms during the last 2 months of the study period. | OR 1.08 (P = 1; Fisher’s exact test), not statistically significant. |
| [23] | Yapabandara A.M. 2001 | Rural villages in Kaluganga area, Matale District, Sri Lanka. | Malaria | 4,566–4,659 study area residents. | Periodic application of pyriproxyfen in gem pits and river pools up to 1.5km from intervention villages |
Anopheles culicifacies
Anopheles subpictus Anopheles aruna |
RR of malaria case presentation to primary healthcare clinics in the post-intervention year compared between study arms. | RR: 0.24 (95% CI: 0.20–0.29), statistically significant. |
| [24] | Yapabandara A.M. 2004 | Rural villages in Kaluganga area, Matale District, Sri Lanka. | Malaria | Approximately 15,415 study area residents. | Periodic targeted application of pyriproxyfen to riverbeds, streams, irrigation ditches, quarry pits and agricultural wells. | Anopheles culicifacies Anopheles subpictus | RR of malaria case presentation to primary healthcare clinics in the post-intervention year compared between study arms. | RR: 0.30 (95% 0.22–0.42), statistically significant. |
| [25] | Sluydts V. 2016 | Rural villages in Ratanakiri Province, Cambodia. | Malaria | 48,838 residents of the most malaria endemic villages which were accessible in the rainy season. | Topical repellent with instructions for daily use provided to all intervention area households. | Anopheles | IRR of malaria detected by Plasmodium parasitaemia using fingerpick blood screening and real-time PCR analysis. | IRR: 0·94 (95% CI: 0·64–1·39), not statistically significant. |
| [26] | Hill N. 2007 | Rural villages in Vaca Diez and Pando Provinces, and the outer 10% of peri-urban districts around Riberalta and Guayaramerin towns, Bolivia. | Malaria | 4,008 malaria-free residents of households in study area where house was ≥25m from any other participating household. | Eucalyptus-based topical insect repellent with instructions for daily use provided to all people living in intervention households. | Anopheles darlingi | IRR of Plasmodium falciparum malaria detected using rapid diagnostic tests, adjusted for age, compared between study arms and recorded at monthly follow up surveys. | aIRR: 0.18 (95% CI: 0.02–1.40), not statistically significant. |
BG: Biogents, OR: Odds ratio, RRR: relative risk reduction, IRR: incidence rate ratio, aIRR: adjusted incidence rate ratio, RR: rate ratio, CI: confidence interval, Ig: Antibody.