Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of the low and high HbA1c group.
| Parameter | Studies | Low HbA1c |
High HbA1c |
p-Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | N | (mean)/ (%) | N | (mean)/ (%) | ||
| Age (year) | 4 [19,[21], [22], [23]] | 607 | 61.63 | 383 | 67.83 | 0.107 |
| Male (%) | 5 [[19], [20], [21], [22], [23]] | 662 | 56.52% | 399 | 57.36% | 0.891 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| HNT (%) | 4 [19,20,21,22] | 409 | 38.88% | 157 | 59.50% | 0.062 |
| CVD (%) | 3 [19,20,22] | 281 | 17.10% | 93 | 27.27% | 0.363 |
| CKD (%) | 3 [[20], [21], [22]] | 328 | 3.03% | 128 | 12.50% | 0.493 |
| COPD (%) | 3 [19,20,22] | 281 | 13.43% | 93 | 19.67% | 0.698 |
| Presentation | ||||||
| Fever (%) | 4 [[19], [20], [21], [22]] | 409 | 66.15% | 157 | 72.55% | 0.572 |
| Fatigue (%) | 2 [21,22] | 273 | 36.85% | 112 | 40.85% | 0.873 |
| Cough (%) | 3 [19,21,22] | 354 | 64.80% | 141 | 59.70% | 0.693 |
| Diarrhea (%) | 3 [19,21,22] | 354 | 19.00% | 141 | 13.80% | 0.507 |
| Laboratories values | ||||||
| Leukocyte count (×109/L) | 3 [19,22,23] | 479 | 6.4 | 319 | 8.1 | 0.039 |
| Hb (g/L) | 2 [21,22] | 273 | 127.75 | 112 | 128.25 | 0.846 |
| PLT (×109/L) | 3 [19,21,22] | 354 | 225.77 | 141 | 211.9 | 0.726 |
| PT (s) | 2 [21,22] | 273 | 13.9 | 112 | 14.05 | 0.804 |
| APTT (s) | 2 [21,22] | 273 | 39.2 | 112 | 38.45 | 0.532 |
| Fbg (g/L) | 2 [22,23] | 398 | 4.96 | 290 | 5.06 | 0.896 |
| D-dimer (mg/L) | 3 [21,23] | 526 | 1.14 | 354 | 1.6 | 0.473 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 2 [19,21,23] | 462 | 7.95 | 335 | 11.45 | 0.471 |
| PCT (ng/mL) | 3 [19,21,22] | 354 | 0.13 | 141 | 0.49 | 0.376 |
| Ferritin (μg/L) | 2 [22,23] | 398 | 688.75 | 290 | 1134.9 | 0.210 |
| Interleukin-6 (pg/mL) | 3 [21,23] | 526 | 26.24 | 354 | 36.63 | 0.645 |
| TNFα (pg/mL) | 2 [21,22] | 273 | 8.15 | 112 | 9.55 | 0.509 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 2 [21,22] | 273 | 74.50 | 112 | 76 | 0.873 |
| Urea nitrogen (mmol/L) | 2 [21,22] | 273 | 4.90 | 112 | 6.65 | 0.340 |
| ALT (U/L) | 2 [21,22] | 273 | 21.00 | 112 | 22.75 | 0.232 |
| AST (U/L) | 2 [21,22] | 273 | 27.00 | 112 | 29.5 | 0.718 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 2 [22,23] | 398 | 4.08 | 290 | 5.01 | 0.846 |
| ICU admission (%) | 4 [[19], [20], [21], [22]] | 409 | 17.40% | 157 | 27.88% | 0.546 |
| Mechanical ventilation (%) | 2 [22,23] | 398 | 43.10% | 290 | 65.65% | 0.310 |
HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HTN, hypertension; CVD, cardiovascular disease; CK, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Hb, hemoglobin; PLT, platelet count; PT, prothrombin time; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; Fbg, fibrinogen; CRP, C-reactive protein; PCT, procalcitonin; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor-a; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase.