IPF patient have an increased activation of SRC kinases which is linked to fibrotic gene expression. A: Western blots indicating phosphorylation of SRC kinases at tyrosine 416 in HBE cells from non-IPF and IPF patients before and after stimulation with TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL). B: densitometry analysis of SFK activation in HBE cells from non-IPF (n = 3) and IPF patients (n = 4). Gene expression of SRC (C) and FYN (D) after stimulation with TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) for 24 h, determined by RT-PCR (non-IPF n = 3, IPF n = 4). Gene expression of (E) COL1A1, (F) VIM, (G) FN1, and (H) NOX4 after stimulation with TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) for 24 h, in the absence or presence of AZD, determined by RT-PCR in non-IPF (n = 3) and IPF patients (n = 4). Results are expressed as means ± SE (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001).