Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of Mediterranean (Cilento, Italy) and North European (Malmö, Sweden) middle-aged study populations
| Cilento (n = 809) | Malmö (n = 1025) | P value (crude) | P value (adjusted)* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 57.7 ± 4.6 | 57.4 ± 4.1 | NS | NS |
| Men, n (%) | 369 (45.6) | 484 (47.2) | NS | NS |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.3 ± 5.4 | 27.2 ± 4.8 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 240 (29.7) | 263 (25.7) | 0.056 | 0.054 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 131 ± 15 | 129 ± 17 | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 77.8 ± 9.3 | 80.0 ± 9.8 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 352 (43.5) | 384 (37.5) | 0.009 | 0.017 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.9 ± 2.0 | 5.7 ± 1.2 | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 75 (9.3) | 59 (5.8) | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.53 ± 0.40 | 1.71 ± 0.55 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.23 ± 0.82 | 3.54 ± 0.93 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| LDL-C > 2.6 mmol/L, n (%) | 634 (78.4) | 891 (86.9) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.43 ± 0.91 | 1.28 ± 0.77 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| TG > 1.7 mmol/L, n (%) | 207 (25.6) | 203 (19.8) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| eGFR (mL/min) | 86.6 ± 18.0 | 83.7 ± 15.9 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 209 (25.8) | 132 (12.9) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Ever smoker, n (%) | 425 (52.5) | 530 (51.7) | NS | NS |
BMI body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG triglycerides, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate
*Adjusted for age and sex