. 2021 Feb 7;60(6):2979–2997. doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02486-3

Table 7.

Multivariate adjusted anthropometric measures and blood pressure for men and women aged 19–64 y across red meat (RM) tertiles

Biomarkers	Tertiles of red meat (RM) consumption, g/d
	Men				Women
	T1 (0–13)	T2 (14–60)	T3 (61–213)	ANCOVA P value*	T1 (0–8)	T2 (9–35)	T3 (36–158)	ANCOVA P value*
Participants (n)	166	197	127		186	164	169
Height (cm)
Base model	176 (175, 177)^a	177 (176, 178)^ab	178 (177, 179)^b	0.013	162 (161, 163)^a	163 (162, 164)^a	163 (162, 164)^a	0.47
+ BMI	–	–	–		–	–	–
+ Dietary factors	176 (175, 177)^a	177 (176, 178)^ab	178 (177, 179)^b	0.006	162 (161, 163)^a	163 (162, 164)^a	163 (162, 164)^a	0.20
Weight (kg)
Base model	83 (81, 85)^a	84 (82, 86)^a	85 (83, 87)^a	0.40	70 (68, 72)^a	71 (68, 73)^a	71 (69, 73)^a	0.68
+ BMI	–	–	–		–	–	–
+ Dietary factors	83 (81, 85)^a	84 (82, 86)^a	85 (83, 88)^a	0.28	70 (68, 72)^a	71 (68, 73)^a	71 (69, 73)^a	0.71
BMI (kg/m²)
Base model	27 (26, 27)^a	27 (26, 27)^a	27 (26, 27)^a	0.95	27 (26, 27)^a	27 (26, 28)^a	27 (26, 28)^a	0.84
+ BMI	–	–	–		–	–	–
+ Dietary factors	27 (26, 27)^a	27 (26, 28)^a	27 (26, 28)^a	0.90	27 (26, 28)^a	27 (26, 28)^a	27 (26, 28)^a	0.91
Waist circumference (cm)
Base model	94 (93, 96)^a	95 (93, 96)^a	95 (93, 97)^a	0.84	86 (84, 88)^a	86 (84, 88)^a	87 (85, 89)^a	0.57
+ BMI	94 (94, 95)^a	95 (94, 95)^a	95 (94, 96)^a	0.63	86 (85, 87)^a	86 (85, 87)^a	87 (86, 88)^a	0.50
+ Dietary factors	94 (94, 95)^a	95 (94, 95)^a	95 (94, 96)^a	0.57	86 (85, 87)^a	86 (85, 87)^a	87 (86, 88)^a	0.55
Hip circumference (cm)
Base model	104 (103, 105)^a	105 (104, 106)^a	105 (103, 106)^a	0.62	106 (104, 107)^a	105 (103, 107)^a	106 (104, 108)^a	0.66
+ BMI	104 (104, 105)^a	105 (104, 105)^a	105 (104, 105)^a	0.37	106 (105, 107)^a	105 (104, 106)^a	106 (105, 107)^a	0.20
+ Dietary factors	104 (104, 105)^a	105 (104, 105)^a	105 (104, 106)^a	0.19	106 (105, 106)^a	105 (104, 106)^a	106 (105, 107)^a	0.27
Waist:hip ratio
Base model	0.90 (0.89, 0.91)^a	0.90 (0.90, 0.91)^a	0.90 (0.89, 0.91)^a	1.00	0.81 (0.80, 0.82)^a	0.82 (0.81, 0.83)^a	0.82 (0.81, 0.83)^a	0.47
+ BMI	0.90 (0.90, 0.91)^a	0.90 (0.90, 0.91)^a	0.90 (0.90, 0.91)^a	0.97	0.81 (0.80, 0.82)^a	0.82 (0.81, 0.83)^a	0.82 (0.81, 0.83)^a	0.54
+ Dietary factors	0.90 (0.90, 0.91)^a	0.90 (0.90, 0.91)^a	0.90 (0.90, 0.91)^a	0.92	0.82 (0.81, 0.83)^a	0.82 (0.81, 0.83)^a	0.82 (0.81, 0.83)^a	0.98
SBP (mmHg)
Base model	128 (126, 130)^a	128 (126, 130)^a	128 (126, 130)^a	0.95	118 (116, 120)^a	119 (117, 121)^a	116 (114, 118)^a	0.15
+ BMI	128 (126, 130)^a	128 (126, 130)^a	128 (126, 130)^a	0.96	118 (116, 120)^a	119 (117, 121)^a	116 (114, 118)^a	0.12
+ Dietary factors	128 (126, 129)^a	128 (127, 130)^a	128 (126, 131)^a	0.76	118 (116, 120)^a	119 (117, 121)^a	116 (114, 118)^a	0.11
DBP (mmHg)
Base model	74 (72, 75)^a	74 (72, 75)^a	74 (72, 76)^a	0.99	72 (70, 73)^ab	74 (72, 76)^a	70 (69, 72)^b	0.005
+ BMI	74 (72, 75)^a	74 (72, 75)^a	74 (72, 76)^a	0.98	72 (70, 73)^ab	74 (72, 76)^a	70 (69, 72)^b	0.002
+ Dietary factors	74 (72, 75)^a	74 (72, 75)^a	74 (73, 76)^a	0.77	72 (71, 73)^ab	74 (72, 75)^a	70 (69, 72)^b	0.004
Pulse pressure (mmHg)
Base model	67 (66, 69)^a	69 (68, 71)^a	67 (65, 69)^a	0.034	72 (71, 73)^a	73 (71, 74)^a	71 (69, 72)^a	0.17
+ BMI	67 (66, 69)^a	69 (68, 71)^a	67 (65, 69)^a	0.036	72 (71, 73)^a	73 (71, 74)^a	71 (69, 72)^a	0.17
+ Dietary factors	67 (66, 69)^a	69 (68, 71)^a	67 (65, 69)^a	0.040	72 (70, 73)^a	72 (71, 74)^a	71 (69, 72)^a	0.32

Values are multivariate adjusted means (95% CIs)

*Significant differences between means across red meat (RM) tertiles were determined by ANCOVA controlling for age, energy intake, socioeconomic classification (SEC) and number of daily cigarettes (Base model), with additional adjustment for BMI (+ BMI) and further adjustment for fruit and vegetables, fibre, dairy, oily fish and nuts (+ dietary factors). For height and weight model 3 did not include adjustment for BMI. Tertiles that do not share a superscripts letter were significantly different at P<0.05 based on Bonferroni post hoc pairwise comparisons