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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Nutr Biochem. 2021 Mar 28;95:108631. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108631

Figure 1. Microbial regulation of epigenetic machinery.

Figure 1.

Microbial factors facilitate histone modification such as histone methylation or acetylation. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) derived from microbial metabolism of non-digestible carbohydrates directly inhibit histone deacetylases (HDACs). SCFAs also promote histone crotonylation. Microbes impact DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) activity resulting in altered DNA methylation patterns. Altogether, microbe-mediated changes in the epigenome influences host health and disease.