Table 3.

Average 2-year change in BMI in relation to baseline fruit juice and milk intakes (per daily serving) in Growing Up Today Study II participants (2004–2008)

	Boys (n=5,968 observations)						Girls (n=7,749 observations)
Beverages	Crude model			Fully adjusted			Crude model			Fully adjusted			P for gender interaction
	β	SE	P	β	SE	P	β	SE	P	β	SE	P
Fruit juice1	0.026	0.038	0.487	−0.020	0.038	0.592	−0.072	0.037	0.057	−0.102	0.038	0.008	0.146
Milk	0.041	0.023	0.071	0.027	0.022	0.229	0.029	0.020	0.137	−0.007	0.019	0.723	0.255

¹Includes orange juice and other fruit juice. Standard error was calculated from participants with complete BMI only. Baseline intakes of fruit juice and milk were included simultaneously in a multiple mixed regression model with 2-year BMI change as the outcome. Fully adjusted model adjusts for race, age, baseline BMI, baseline and 2-year change in total energy intake, and baseline and 2-year change in physical activity. Interaction tests were performed according to gender, using cross-product terms (gender*dietary components). Significance testing assesses whether the beverages contribute to 2-year change in BMI.

Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index.