Table 3.
Differences in Predicted Probabilities (marginal effects) of Past-Month Marijuana Use by Reasons for Use and Risk Factor in 20 states, Adults Age ≥18 (Weighted), 2017-2018 (N=15,788)
| Reasons for Past-Month Marijuana Use | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical Reasons Only1 | Recreational Reasons Only2 | Both Reasons (medical + recreational)3 | ||||
| Variable | Predicted Probability % (95%, CI) |
Difference in Predicted Probability % (95%, CI) |
Predicted Probability % (95%, CI) |
Difference in Predicted Probability % (95%, CI) |
Predicted Probability % (95%, CI) |
Difference in Predicted Probability % (95%, CI) |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 25.8 (24.2, 27.4) | Ref | 40.1 (38.3, 41.9)d | Ref | 34.1 (32.3, 35.9)d | Ref |
| Female | 32.9 (30.8, 35.0) | 7.1 (4.5, 9.6)b | 35.3 (33.0, 37.6) | −4.8 (−7.6, −2.0)b | 31.8 (29.6, 34.1) | −2.3 (−5.2, 0.6) |
| Age | ||||||
| 18-24 | 19.1 (16.0, 22.2) | Ref | 47.5 (43.9, 51.0)d | Ref | 33.4 (29.9-36.9)d | Ref |
| 25-34 | 27.1 (24.5, 29.6) | 7.9 (4.0, 11.8)b | 38.1 (35.5, 40.7)d | −9.4 (−13.7, −5.0)b | 34.8 (32.1-37.6)d | 1.4 (−3.0, 5.8) |
| 35-44 | 33.3 (30.0, 36.6) | 14.2 (9.6, 18.8)b | 33.0 (30.0, 36.1) | −14.5 (−19.2, −9.7)b | 33.7 (30.2-37.1) | 0.3 (−4.7, 5.2) |
| 45-54 | 32.5 (29.0, 36.1) | 13.4 (8.6, 18.2)b | 35.4 (32.0, 38.9) | −12.0 (−17.0, −7.0)b | 32.0 (28.4-35.7) | −1.4 (−6.6, 3.8) |
| 55-64 | 30.6 (27.6, 33.5) | 11.4 (7.0, 15.9)b | 36.2 (32.7, 39.7)c | −11.3 (−16.3, −6.2)b | 33.3 (29.9-36.6) | −0.2 (−5.2, 4.9) |
| 65+ | 35.2 (31.1, 39.4) | 16.1 (10.8, 21.4)b | 36.2 (31.9, 38.9) | −11.2 (−16.9, −5.5)b | 28.5 (24.3-32.8) | −4.9 (−10.5, 0.8) |
| Race | ||||||
| White | 29.1 (27.6, 30.6) | −0.4 (−4.6, 3.9) | 36.7 (35.1, 38.3)d | −5.6 (−10.3, −0.9)a | 34.2 (32.6, 35.8)d | 6.0 (1.7, 10.4)b |
| Black | 25.5 (22.1, 28.8) | −4.0 (−9.2, 1.2) | 40.9 (37.2, 44.6)d | −1.5 (−7.3, 4.3) | 33.6 (29.8, 37.5)d | 5.5 (−0.1, 11.1) |
| Other | 29.5 (25.6, 33.4) | Ref | 42.3 (38.0, 46.7)d | Ref | 28.2 (24.2, 32.1) | Ref |
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| Not Hispanic | 28.3 (26.8, 29.8) | −1.7 (−5.6, 2.2) | 38.1 (36.5, 39.8)d | −0.5 (−4.5, 3.6) | 33.6 (31.9, 35.2)d | 2.2 (−2.0, 6.3) |
| Hispanic | 30.0 (26.5, 33.5) | Ref | 38.6 (35.1, 42.1)d | Ref | 31.4 (27.8, 35.0) | Ref |
| Marital status | ||||||
| Married | 31.2 (28.7, 33.6) | 3.8 (0.9, 6.7)b | 36.8 (34.2, 39.3)d | −2.2 (−5.2, 0.8) | 32.0 (29.4, 34.7) | −1.6 (−4.8, 1.5) |
| Other | 27.4 (25.8, 28.9) | Ref | 39.0 (37.3, 40.7)d | Ref | 33.6 (32.0, 35.3)d | Ref |
| Education | ||||||
| College graduate | 24.4 (22.4, 26.4) | −5.5 (−8.1, −2.9)b | 42.7 (40.4, 45.1)d | 5.9 (3.0, 8.8)b | 32.8 (30.4, 35.3)d | −0.4 (−3.4, 2.6) |
| Other | 29.9 (28.3, 31.5) | Ref | 36.9 (35.1, 38.6)d | Ref | 33.2 (31.5, 34.9)c | Ref |
| Employment status | ||||||
| Employed | 26.9 (25.2, 28.6) | Ref | 39.3 (37.6, 41.1)d | Ref | 33.8 (32.0, 35.6)d | Ref |
| Not employed | 31.5 (29.2, 33.9) | 4.6 (1.6, 7.7)b | 36.1 (33.5, 38.8) | −3.2 (−6.5, −0.1)a | 32.3 (29.8, 34.9) | −1.4 (−4.6, 1.8) |
| Income | ||||||
| <$25K/year | 32.9 (30.5, 35.4) | 6.1 (3.1, 9.1)b | 35.0 (32.3, 37.7) | −4.4 (−7.7, −1.0)b | 32.1 (29.5, 34.6) | −1.7 (−4.9, 1.5) |
| ≥$25K/year | 26.8 (25.3, 28.4) | Ref | 39.4 (37.6, 41.2)d | Ref | 33.7 (32.0, 35.5)d | Ref |
| Mental health (# days not good) | ||||||
| 0 days | 27.9 (25.8, 30.0) | Ref | 44.2 (41.9, 46.5)d | Ref | 27.9 (25.8, 30.0) | Ref |
| 1-13 days | 26.8 (24.7, 28.9) | −1.1 (−4.0, 1.9) | 35.5 (33.3, 37.8)d | −8.7 (−11.9, −5.5)b | 37.6 (35.2, 40.1)d | 9.7 (6.4, 13.0)b |
| 14+ days | 32.6 (29.9, 35.4) | 4.7 (1.2, 8.3)b | 30.9 (27.9, 33.9) | −13.3 (−17.0, −9.5)b | 36.4 (33.4, 39.5) | 8.5 (4.7, 12.3)b |
| Physical health (# days not good) | ||||||
| 0 days | 24.1 (22.4, 25.8) | Ref | 43.2 (41.3, 45.2)d | Ref | 32.7 (30.8, 34.6)d | Ref |
| 1-13 days | 28.5 (26.2, 30.8) | 4.4 (1.6, 7.3)b | 35.4 (32.9, 37.9)d | −7.9 (−11.0, −4.7)b | 36.1 (33.6, 38.6)d | 3.4 (0.3, 6.6)a |
| 14+ days | 44.6 (40.6, 48.6) | 20.5 (16.1, 25.0)b | 23.4 (19.9, 26.9)d | −19.9 (−23.8, −15.9)b | 32.0 (28.2, 35.8)d | −0.7 (−5.0, 3.6) |
| Frequency of use | ||||||
| Not daily | 25.9 (24.2, 27.6) | Ref | 48.1 (46.1, 50.1)d | Ref | 26.0 (24.2, 27.8) | Ref |
| Daily | 32.2 (30.2, 34.1) | 6.3 (3.8, 8.8)b | 26.2 (24.3, 28.1)d | −21.9 (−24.6, −19.2)b | 41.6 (39.5, 43.8)d | 15.6 (12.8, 18.5)b |
| Mode | ||||||
| Smoke | 24.5 (23.1, 26.0) | Ref | 40.8 (39.1, 42.5)d | Ref | 34.6 (32.9, 36.3)d | Ref |
| Vape | 33.7 (30.1, 37.3) | 9.2 (5.3, 13.1)b | 33.1 (29.7, 36.5) | −7.7 (−11.5, −3.9)b | 33.2 (29.4, 37.0) | −1.5 (−5.6, 2.7) |
| Eat/drink | 38.5 (34.3, 42.6) | 13.9 (9.5, 18.3)b | 35.0 (31.1, 38.8) | −5.8 (−10.0, −1.7)b | 26.6 (22.6, 30.5)d | −8.1 (−12.4, −3.8)b |
| Dab/other | 52.5 (47.0, 58.1) | 28.0 (22.3, 33.7)b | 22.1 (16.9, 27.3)d | −18.7 (−24.2, −13.2)b | 25.4 (20.2, 30.5)d | −9.3 (−14.7, −3.9)b |
| Tobacco use (current smoker) | ||||||
| No | 28.1 (26.6, 29.7) | Ref | 38.7 (37.0, 40.3)d | Ref | 33.2 (31.5, 34.9)d | Ref |
| Yes | 29.8 (27.4, 32.2) | 1.7 (−1.2, 4.5) | 37.2 (34.6, 39.8)d | −1.5 (−4.5, 1.6) | 33.0 (30.5, 35.5) | −0.2 (−3.3, 2.9) |
| Alcohol use (binge drinker †) | ||||||
| No | 33.4 (31.7, 35.2) | Ref | 33.8 (32.1, 35.6) | Ref | 32.8 (31.0, 34.6) | Ref |
| Yes | 20.6 (18.7, 22.5) | −12.8 (−15.4, −10.2)b | 44.9 (42.6, 47.2)d | 11.1 (8.3, 14.0)b | 34.5 (32.2, 36.8)d | 1.7 (−1.2, 4.6) |
| State’s legal status | ||||||
| Fully legal | 28.8 (26.4, 31.2) | −1.5 (−6.6, 3.6) | 35.5 (32.9, 38.0)d | −5.5 (−10.9, −0.1)a | 35.8 (33.0, 38.5)d | 7.0 (1.6, 12.4)b |
| Mixed | 27.4 (24.9, 29.9) | −2.9 (−5.9, 0.1) | 41.7 (39.1, 44.8)d | 0.7 (−2.5, 4.0) | 30.9 (28.3, 33.6) | 2.2 (−0.8, 5.2) |
| Fully illegal | 30.3 (26.7, 33.8) | Ref | 41.0 (37.1, 44.8)d | Ref | 28.7 (25.2, 32.3) | Ref |
Source: BRFSS, 2017-2019
= males reporting the consumption of five or more drinks on one occasion, females having four or more drinks on one occasion Models were simultaneously adjusted for all variables in the table.
All estimates are adjusted for sampling weights and BRFSS’ complex survey design; confidence intervals are based on standard errors computed using the linearized (or robust) variance estimator
Analysis of 20 states: 12 states collected marijuana variables in 2017: AK, CA, GA, ID, MN, NH, OK, SC, TN, WY, Guam, PR; 16 states collected marijuana variables in 2018: CA, FL, ID, MD, MN, MT, NH, ND, OH, OK, SC, TN, WV, WY, Guam, PR; 14 states collected marijuana variables in 2019: CA, ID, IL, MD, MN, NH, ND, OK, SC, TN, UT, WV, WY, Guam
Average predicted probability of reporting past-month marijuana use for medical reasons only = 28.6%.
Average predicted probability of reporting past-month marijuana use for recreational reasons only = 38.2%.
Average predicted probability of reporting past-month marijuana use for both reasons = 33.1%.
Difference in predicted probabilities between levels of risk (versus reference) is statistically significant:
p ≤ 0.05
p ≤ 0.01 Difference in predicted probabilities by reasons for use (versus medical reasons only) is statistically significant:
p ≤ 0.05
p ≤ 0.01