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. 2021 Aug 10;11:16210. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-94594-7

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Screening of probiotics and comparison of two traditional extraction methods of Danshen. (A) Antibacterial spectrum analysis of probiotics and gastrointestinal fluid tolerance. F-B4-1 (Lactobacillus Rhamnosus), F-B8-1 (Lactobacillus Plantarum), F-B9-1 (Lactobacillus Fermenti), F-B16-1 (Lactobacillus Casei), F-B12-1 (Streptococcus Thermophilus), F-B20-1 (Leuconostoc Mesenteroides), F-B25-1 (Lactobacillus Harbin), F-A1-2 (Bacillus Subtilis), F-A7-1 (Bacillus Subtillis Natto). (B) The CFU was detected after cultured for 24 h. (C) IL-6 levels were examined in the supernatant of Caco-2 cells which were pretreated with 50 ug/mL LPS for 12 h, then treated with sterilized probiotic liquid for 12 h or 24 h. All groups (NC, F-B8-1, F-B4-1, F-B9-1, F-B16-1, F-A7-1) were statistically analyzed compared with the LPS group. Statistical analysis was conducted between F-B4-1 group and other groups (F-B8-1, F-B9-1, F-B16-1, F-A7-1) at 12 h. Statistical analysis was conducted between F-A7-1 group and other groups (F-B8-1, F-B4-1, F-B9-1, F-B16-1) at 24 h. (D) Enz. (enzymolysis), Boi. (boiled). IL-6 levels were examined in the supernatant of Caco-2 cells which were pretreated with 50 μg/mL LPS for 12 h, then treated with different concentrations of the two traditional extraction methods of Danshen for 12 h or 24 h. All groups (Nor, Enz., Boi.) were statistically analyzed with the LPS group. At 24 h, 0.2 mg/mL Enz. group was compared with other treatment groups. (Data are expressed as means ± S.E., *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001).