Table 7.
Effect of plane of nutrition on the relative expression of key candidate genes in testicular tissue of Holstein Friesian bull calves at 12 wk of age1
| Gene2 | HI | MOD | SEM | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gonadotropin/androgen receptor | ||||
| FSHR | 4.14 | 4.03 | 0.3 | 0.8046 |
| LHR | 3.32 | 2.99 | 0.2 | 0.2585 |
| AR | 2.05 | 1.94 | 0.15 | 0.6266 |
| Cellular growth/proliferation | ||||
| PCNA | 1.83 | 1.77 | 0.21 | 0.8298 |
| IGF-1 | 0.9 | 0.91 | 0.14 | 0.9832 |
| GHR | 3.22 | 3.18 | 0.17 | 0.855 |
| Steroidogenesis/cholesterol biosynthesis | ||||
| EBP | 5.79 | 5.06 | 0.17 | 0.007 |
| MVK | 2.39 | 2.35 | 0.19 | 0.8685 |
| StAR | 2.94 | 2.26 | 0.29 | 0.1099 |
| AMH | 0.41 | 0.43 | 3.5 | 0.7746 |
| GATA4 | 3.03 | 3.48 | 0.28 | 0.2814 |
| Insulin/IGF-1 receptor signaling | ||||
| IGF1-R | 4.81 | 4.87 | 0.21 | 0.8628 |
| AKT | 2.003 | 1.76 | 0.13 | 0.2115 |
| FOS | 2.2 | 2.28 | 0.24 | 0.8301 |
| INSR | 2.46 | 2.55 | 0.15 | 0.7079 |
| PRKAA1 | 2.79 | 3.1 | 0.37 | 0.5744 |
| Mtor | 2.08 | 2.01 | 0.17 | 0.7845 |
| EIF4EBP1 | 1.39 | 1.4 | 0.14 | 0.9913 |
| SIRT1 | 2.41 | 1.81 | 0.26 | 0.0282 |
| EIF4E | 2.28 | 2.31 | 0.24 | 0.9534 |
| PIK3 | 1.18 | 1.39 | 0.19 | 0.4675 |
| Spermatogenesis | ||||
| THY1 | 3.3 | 3.15 | 0.35 | 0.7595 |
| INSL3 | 4.02 | 3.45 | 0.14 | 0.0077 |
| UCHL1 | 1.98 | 1.43 | 0.23 | 0.0999 |
| CLDN11 | 3.46 | 1.98 | 0.34 | 0.0054 |
1The results are relative to the average of the reference genes YWHAZ and RSP9.
2AKT, serine/threonine kinase 1; AMH, anti-Müllerian hormone; AR, androgen receptor; CLDN11, claudin 11; EBP, cholestenol delta-isomerase; EIF4E, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E; EIFEBP1, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1; FSHR, follicle-stimulating hormone receptor; FOS, Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit; GATA4, GATA binding protein 4; GHR, growth hormone receptor; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor 1; IGF1-R, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor; INSL3, insulin-like 3; INSR, insulin receptor; LHR, luteinising hormone receptor; Mtor, mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; MVK, mevalonate kinase; PCNA, proliferation cell nuclear antigen; PIK3, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma; PRKAA1, protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 1; RPS9, ribosomal protein S9; StAR, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein; THY1, Thy-1 cell surface antigen; UCHL1, ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal esterase L1; YWHAZ, tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, zeta.