Figure 3.

Effects of AS-IV on oxidative stress and mitochondrial membrane potential in transverse aortic constriction-induced heart failure. (A) ROS levels were tested by DCFH-DA. (B) H₂O₂ was tested by an Amplex Red kit (n=6). (C) The mitochondrial membrane potential was tested by JC-1 (n=6). Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. One-way analysis of variance, followed by Tukey's test. ^*P<0.05 vs. control; ^#P<0.05 vs. HF. AS-IV, astragaloside; HF, heart failure; H₂O₂, hydrogen peroxide; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide.