Table 1.
Comparison of the nature of dysbiosis reported in different studies in patients with MS.
| Country | Subjects (n = those with MS) | Bacteria increased in MS | Bacteria decreased in MS | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USA | RRMS n=31 | Pseudomonas, Mycoplana, Haemophilus, Blautia, Dorea, Pedobacter, Flavobacterium | Prevotella, Parabacteroides, Adlercreutzia, Collinsella, Lactobacillus, Coprobacillus, Haemophilius | (11) |
| USA | RRMS n=60 | Methanobrevibacter, Akkermansia | Butyricimonas, Prevotella | (12) |
| USA | RRMS n= 43 | Ruminococcus | Fecalibacterium | (10) |
| USA | RRMS n=7 | Akkermansia, Acinetobacter | (5) | |
| Germany | MS twins n=34 (each twin pair had 1 with MS and one healthy) | Akkermansia | (6) | |
| UK | RRMS n=39 | Prevotella copri | (13) | |
| Japan | RRMS n=20 | Bifidobacteria, Streptococcus, Thermophilus, Eggerthella lenta | Bacteroides, Fecalibacterium, Prevotella, Anaerostipes, Clostridium, Sutterella | (14) |
| China | RRMS n=34 | Streptococcus | Prevotella | (15) |
| Germany | RRMS and SPMS | Akkermansia, Faecalibacteria | Butyricimonas, Bacteroides, Romboutsia | (16) |
| Japan | RRMS n=62, SPMS n=15, Atypical MS n= 21, Controls n=55 | RRMS: Bifidobacteria, Streptococcus. | RRMS: Megamonas | (17) |
| SPMS: Streptococcus | SPMS: Roseburia |