Table 4.

Effective treatment of PBM: in vitro studies in cells with lower number of mitochondria.

Authors	Wavelength (nm)	Fluence ($\mathrm{J}/{\mathrm{cm}}^2$)	Irradiance	Cell type
Wang et al.54	420	3	$16{\mathrm{mW}/\mathrm{cm}}^2$ $4{\mathrm{cm}}^2$, 188 s	Adipose stem cells
Wang et al.54	540	3	$16{\mathrm{mW}/\mathrm{cm}}^2$ $4{\mathrm{cm}}^2$, 188 s	Adipose stem cells
Zhang et al.53	628	0.88	$11.46{\mathrm{mW}/\mathrm{cm}}^2$ Output power 15 mW, 0.76 cm distance to the surface, $\text{area}=9.6{\mathrm{cm}}^2$	Fibroblast
Zhang et al.53	628	2.0	$11.46{\mathrm{mW}/\mathrm{cm}}^2$ Output power 15 mW, 0.76 cm distance to the surface, $\text{area}=9.6{\mathrm{cm}}^2$	Fibroblast
Zhang et al.53	628	4.4	$11.46{\mathrm{mW}/\mathrm{cm}}^2$ Output power 15 mW, 0.76 cm distance to the surface, $\text{area}=9.6{\mathrm{cm}}^2$	Fibroblast
Khadra et al.32	830	1.5	$8.4{\mathrm{mW}/\mathrm{cm}}^2$ 84 mW, $10{\mathrm{cm}}^2$, 9 cm distance to cells	Fibroblast
Khadra et al.32	830	3.0	$8.4{\mathrm{mW}/\mathrm{cm}}^2$ 84 mW, $10{\mathrm{cm}}^2$, 360 s, 9 cm distance to cells	Fibroblast
Tschon et al.55	915	7.2	$150{\mathrm{mW}/\mathrm{cm}}^2$, 100 Hz, 50% duty cycle, power 0.575 W, 48 s	Osteoblast
Tschon et al.55	915	14.4	$150{\mathrm{mW}/\mathrm{cm}}^2$ 50% duty cycle, power 0.575 W, 96 s	Osteoblast
Migliario et al.57	930	7.8	$1580{\mathrm{mW}/\mathrm{cm}}^2$ 1 W, 5 s, $0.63{\mathrm{cm}}^2$	Preosteoblast
Migliario et al.57	930	15	$1580{\mathrm{mW}/\mathrm{cm}}^2$ 1 W, 10 s, $0.63{\mathrm{cm}}^2$	Preosteoblast
Migliario et al.57	930	39	$1580{\mathrm{mW}/\mathrm{cm}}^2$ 1 W, 25 s, $0.63{\mathrm{cm}}^2$	Preosteoblast
Pyo et al.56	808	1.2	$80{\mathrm{mW}/\mathrm{cm}}^2$ 15 s, 1 W	Osteoblast
Skopin et al.58	980	3.1	$26.7{\mathrm{mW}/\mathrm{cm}}^2$	Fibroblast
Skopin et al.58	980	8.8	$73{\mathrm{mW}/\mathrm{cm}}^2$	Fibroblast
Skopin et al.58	980	11.6	$97{\mathrm{mW}/\mathrm{cm}}^2$	Fibroblast
Bozkurt et al.60	940	18	$0.3{\mathrm{W}/\mathrm{cm}}^2$ 0.3 W, 60 s, distance: 0.5 to 1 mm	Cementoblast
Wang et al.73	810	3	$16{\mathrm{mW}/\mathrm{cm}}^2$ $4{\mathrm{cm}}^2$, 188 s	Adipose stem cells
Wang et al.61	980	0.3	$16{\mathrm{mW}/\mathrm{cm}}^2$ $4{\mathrm{cm}}^2$, 18.8 s	Adipose stem cells