Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Jul 28;12:647183. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.647183

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2021 Nattoh, Maina, Makhulu, Mbaisi, Mararo, Otieno, Bukhari, Onchuru, Teal, Paredes, Bargul, Mburu, Onyango, Magoma, Sinkins and Herren.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

PMC Copyright notice

Horizontal transmission of Microsporidia MB. Mosquitoes carrying Microsporidia MB are represented with blue shading in pie charts and n = number of independent experiments. (A) No transmission of Microsporidia MB was observed between An. arabiensis larvae reared in the same larval trough but separated by a screen mesh. (B) Horizontal transmission of Microsporidia MB was observed when adults were kept together in cages, and specifically when either infected males or females were housed with uninfected An. arabiensis of the opposite sex. Top row, no transmission was observed between infected and uninfected individuals of the same sex. Bottom left, transmission between Microsporidia MB infected An. arabiensis females and uninfected males was observed in 5 out of 15 cages (33%). Bottom right, out of a total of 16 experiments that had Microsporidia MB infected males and uninfected females and horizontal transmission was confirmed in 10 of these cages (56% transmission).