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. 2021 Jul 29;12:711107. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.711107

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Copyright © 2021 Gesto, Pinto, Dias, Peixoto, Costa, Kutcher, Montgomery, Green, Anders, Ryan, Simmons, O’Neill and Moreira.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Genetic monitoring of insecticide resistance in intervention areas. Knockdown resistance (kdr) allelic variants were monitored in field caught mosquitoes (Wolbachia⁺) over the release and post-release interventions in RJ1 and RJ2. Data represent the proportion of alleles linked to susceptibility, S, or resistance to insecticides, R1 and R2, in each sample (n = 30). Mosquitoes from Tubicanga, home to a previous successful trial, were also included for comparison. S (Na_vS): 1016Val⁺; R1 (Na_vR1): 1016Val⁺, 1534Cys^kdr; R2 (Na_vR2): 1016Ile^kdr, 1534Cys^kdr.