Figure 1. Study Design.

The cohort entry date is the first person-day of opioid-benzodiazepine overlap. The cohort exit date is depicted as the last person-day of opioid-benzodiazepine overlap during the study period. However, the cohort exit date could also be the first date of disenrollment from health insurance or the last date of the month of death (if applicable). Dark blue boxes indicate person-days of opioid-benzodiazepine overlap between cohort entry and exit.