Methods	Design: Randomized control trial
	Setting: Illinois, United States
	Follow up: 24 months
Participants	Population: Homeless addicted male veterans
	Sample size: Total sample n=358, Intervention n = 178, Control n = 180
Interventions	Intervention:
	3‐6 months of stay at hospital facility (residential care) plus case management. The ratio of residents to case managers was 10:1 in the residency phase and approximately 25:1 in the community follow‐up phase. Relapse prevention skills training, consisting of assertive drink and drug refusal, coping with relapse, social networking, and anger management, was an essential component of CMRC treatment. Self‐help groups such as Narcotics Anonymous (NA) and Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), both on‐site and community‐based, were emphasized for emotional support and to enhance coping behavior while achieving abstinence
	Control:
	21 days in customary care: During the hospital stay in customary care, patients received substance abuse and abstinence education and individual and group therapy. Patients were seen by a social worker for assessment, psychotherapy, and discharge planning.
Outcomes	Housing stability, Substance use, Employment
Notes