| Random sequence generation (selection bias) |
Unclear risk |
The investigators mentioned randomization but did not report on the random sequence generation |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) |
Unclear risk |
No reporting was made on allocation concealment |
| Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) |
High risk |
Blinding of participants and personnel was not possible due to the nature of the intervention and study design |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) |
Unclear risk |
No reporting was made on blinding of outcome assessors |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) |
Low risk |
Seven participants were lost to follow‐up, with two of these participants dying during the course of the project and three being incarcerated |
| Reason for dropping out were not related to the nature of the outcome |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) |
Low risk |
No evidence of selective outcome reporting |
| Other bias |
Low risk |
No evidence of other concerns for bias |