Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	High risk	This is a quasi‐experimental study without randomization to treatment condition.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	High risk	This is a quasi‐experimental study without allocation concealment.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias)	High risk	Blinding of participants and personnel was not possible due to the nature of the intervention and study design.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias)	Unclear risk	No description of blinding of outcome assessment was provided.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)	Low risk	“There was no significant difference in the proportion of participants lost to follow‐up between the intervention and usual care groups at 18 months”
		“Participants who were lost to follow‐up did not significantly differ from participants who had data for all three follow‐up interviews with respect to demographic characteristics, housing status, health status, quality of life, substance use, or health care utilization at baseline”
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	No evidence of reporting outcome selectively was detected.
Other bias	High risk	“There were significant differences between groups for baseline demographics, including race and country of birth”