Methods	Community based, randomized, double‐blind, placebo controlled trial conducted in southern India
Participants	Inclusion criteria: Liveborn infants from all pregnancies in the participating villages
	Exclusion criteria: Stillbirths, Miscarriages, Any delivery more than 20 km outside the study area, and infants who died before the study team arrived
	Total number randomized in the intervention group: 6624
	Total number randomized in the control group: 6570
Interventions	Intervention: 24,000 IU vitamin A
	Control: Placebo
	Common intervention given to all groups: Edible oil solution
Outcomes	Primary outcome: Infant mortality at 6 months
	Other outcomes: None
Notes