Methods	Randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial conducted in India in community settings
Participants	Inclusion criteria: infants aged 3 days, born in the hospitals weighing 1500–2500 g"
	Exclusion criteria: "extremely premature infants (<34 weeks), sick infants, those with congenital malformations incompatible with life, and those with guardians not giving consent and belonging to out of study areas"
Interventions	Intervention: "VSL#3 (a mix of eight strains: Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium infantis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus paracasei, and Lactobacillus delbrueckii spp bulgaricus, at a dose of 10 billion cfu for 30 days, starting on the third day of life and continued for 30 days"
	Control: "A similar‐looking maltodextrin preparation in the same outer packing was administered to the control group"
Outcomes	Mortality, sepsis
Notes	Data were taken from table 2 and table 4. For sepsis, we included the numbers for suspected sepsi