| Random sequence generation (selection bias) |
Unclear risk |
Comment: Insufficient information to permit judgement |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) |
Unclear risk |
Comment: Insufficient information to permit judgement |
| Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) |
High risk |
Comment: Probably not done |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) |
Unclear risk |
Comment: Insufficient information to permit judgement |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) |
Low risk |
Comment: |
| Group 1: No loss to follow up |
| Group 2: 1/60 loss to follow‐up |
| Group 3: 7/60 loss to follow‐up |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) |
Unclear risk |
Comment: Trial registration not reported. Outcomes specified in the methodology section were reported |
| Other bias |
Low risk |
Comment: No other biases detected. |