Methods	Study design: Randomized controlled trial
	Unit of randomization: Individually randomised
	Type of study: Food Distribution Program
Participants	Location/setting: Farming communities of West Kiang region, Gambia
	Population: 15 000
	Sample size: 620
	Drop outs/withdrawal: The exclusions were due to missing birth weight data (N = 129)
	Socio‐demographics
	Median (SD) age:
	Intervention: 29.8
	Control: 30
	Age range: 18–45 years
	Occupation: Farming
	Race: Not specified
	Education: Not specified
	Family income: Not specified
	Inclusion criteria:
	Women confirmed as being between 10 and 20 weeks pregnant by ultrasound
	Nonpregnant women of reproductive age (18–45 years)
	Exclusion criteria:
	Women who were
	(i) currently pregnant (beyond 20 weeks on ultrasound assessment), (ii) currently enrolled in another MRC study, (iii) severely anaemic at booking (haemoglobin (Hb) <7 g/dl), or (iv) report the onset of menopause were excluded from entry into the trial
Interventions	Intervention (sample size):
	Protein Energy (PE) provided with 746 kcal/day of energy from protein and lipids. It was provided to pregnant women between 10‐20th week of gestation. LNS was distributed on a weekly basis to participating women. LNS were supplied in jars, with a single (daily) dose per jar. It was provided through field workers and midwives (n = 151)
	Control (sample size):
	FeFol (iron 60 mg/day and folic acid 400 μg/day) was given as a prenatal care. It was provided to pregnant women between 10‐20th week of gestation. It was provided through field workers and midwives. Supplementation commenced the following week, receiving daily tablet supplements. Both supplement types (tablets and LNS) were distributed on a weekly basis to participating women. Women were supplied with 14 tablets per week in individual bottles and advised to take two tablets per day, preferably with food (n = 146)
	Concomitant interventions: Not specified
	Training:
	Prior to the start of the study, two sonographers were trained in fetal biometry
	Follow‐up:
	Subsequent clinic visits were made at 20 and 30 weeks of gestation, and a home visit performed within 72 h of birth
Outcomes	Primary outcomes: None
	Secondary outcomes:
	Low birthweight
	Preterm birth
	Small for gestational age
	Timing of outcome assessment: At birth
Notes	Study start date: January 2010
	Study end date: February 2014
	Time period: 4 years
	Study country: Gambia
	Study limitations:
	This was a post‐hoc analysis with a sample size that was not powered on the outcomes or for the subgroup analyses. Other limitations include not having a maternal weight measure at the very end of gestation, which would have allowed the author to quantify weight gain throughout the final trimester, and not necessarily being able to generalize results to other populations
	Funding source:
	This trial was supported by the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) (MC‐A760‐5QX00) and the UK Department for International Development (DFID) under the MRC/DFID Concordat agreement. WJ and SEM are funded by the UK MRC programme MC_UP_1005/1
	Conflict of interest: None