Figure 6.

Microglia and macrophages cortical recruitment following nanoparticles (NPs) administration. A,B) An increased number of microglia (Iba‐1, red) positive cells a1–a6) was observed in the cerebral cortex of male liposomes (Lipo) and female leukosomes (Leuko) treated mice compared to their vehicle (Vh) treated counterparts at 24 h following TBI and systemic administration of NPs. Notably, no significant differences were seen between the Lipo and Leuko populations in the male and female groups. C,D) Macrophage (F4/80, green) population was increased in Vh treated mice compared to male Lipo, male Leuko, and female Leuko mice (c1–c6). No significant differences were detected between the Lipo and Leuko treated groups for either sex. Two‐way ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test was used to determine statistical probabilities. *p ≤ 0.05, ^** p ≤ 0.01, n = 5 (TBI), n = 3 (Sham). Scale bar: 50 µm.