TABLE 5.

List of APEC serotypes/strains and beneficial microbes used in this study

Bacterial serotype or strain	Medium	Culture conditions	Source
APEC serotypes
APEC O78	LB broth	37°C, aerobic, 12 h, 180 rpm	Tim Johnson, UMN, MN
APEC O1			Tim Johnson, UMN, MN
APEC O2			Tim Johnson, UMN, MN
APEC O1-63			Lisa K. Nolan and Catherine M. Logue, UGA, GA
APEC O2-211			Lisa K. Nolan, Catherine M. Logue, UGA, GA
APEC O78-53			Lisa K. Nolan, Catherine M. Logue, UGA, GA
APEC O8			Lisa K. Nolan, Catherine M. Logue, UGA, GA
APEC O15			Lisa K. Nolan, Catherine M. Logue, UGA, GA
APEC O18			Lisa K. Nolan, Catherine M. Logue, UGA, GA
APEC O35			Lisa K. Nolan, Catherine M. Logue, UGA, GA
APEC O109			Lisa K. Nolan, Catherine M. Logue, UGA, GA
APEC O115			Lisa K. Nolan, Catherine M. Logue, UGA, GA
APEC O1-X7235			Roy Curtiss III, UF, FL
APEC O2-X7302			Roy Curtiss III, UF, FL
APEC O78-X7122			Roy Curtiss III, UF, FL
Beneficial microbes
Enterococcus faecalis	MRS broth	37°C, anaerobic, 16–18 h	David Francis, SDSU
Streptococcus bovis	MRS broth	37°C, anaerobic, 16–18 h	David Francis, SDSU
Lactobacillus brevis	MRS broth	37°C, anaerobic, 1–2 days	David Francis, SDSU
Lactobacillus acidophilus	MRS broth	37°C, anaerobic, 1–2 days	David Francis, SDSU
Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG	MRS broth	37°C, anaerobic, 1–2 days	ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA
Bifidobacterium longum	MRS broth plus 0.05% cysteine	37°C, anaerobic, 24 h	David Francis, SDSU
Bifidobacterium adolescentis	MRS broth plus 0.05% cysteine	37°C, anaerobic, 24 h	David Francis, SDSU
Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12	MRS broth plus 0.05% cysteine	37°C, anaerobic, 24 h	Christian Hansen Ltd., Hørsholm, Denmark
Escherichia coli Nissle 1917	LB broth	37°C, aerobic, 12 h, 180 rpm	Ulrich Sonnenborn, Ardeypharm GmbH, Herdecke, Germany
Escherichia coli G58-1	LB broth	37°C, aerobic, 12 h, 180 rpm	David Francis, SDSU
Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron	MRS broth	37°C, anaerobic, 4–5 days	David Francis, SDSU