Table 1.

Mathematical notation.

Variables	Interpretation
	Stochastic component
	Unrooted tree topology with edges and vertices
	A unique split identified by in the set of all possible splits
	Operator returning the split identified by edge
	Operator returning the split frequency of
	Complement of the split frequency
	Undirected edges
	Directed edges
	Internal edges contiguous to (neighboring edges)
	Set of internal edges
	Contiguous path in the tree
	Min. split frequency in clade identified by edge