Table 1.
Comparison between the demographic and medical characteristics and echocardiographic parameters of the groups.
| Variables | TAVI (n=46) | Control (n=45) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean | 76.7±7.4 | 77.9±9.5 | 0.320 |
| Female, % (n) | 60 (27) | 66.7 (30) | 0.512 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.6±3.9 | 26.7±4.2 | 0.322 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % (n) | 26.7 (12) | 28.9 (13) | 0.814 |
| Hypertension, % (n) | 66.7 (30) | 68.9 (31) | 0.822 |
| Hyperlipidemia, % (n) | 35.56 (16) | 40.0 (18) | 0.664 |
| Smoking, % (n) | 26.7 (12) | 28.9 (13) | 0.814 |
| Coronary artery disease, % (n) | 51.1 (23) | 22 (48.9) | 0.833 |
| Stroke, % (n) | 4.4 (2) | 6.7 (3) | 0.645 |
| Beta-blocker, % (n) | 42.2 (19) | 48.9 (22) | 0.525 |
| ACE-i/ARB, % (n) | 57.8 (26) | 62.2 (28) | 0.667 |
| Statin, % (n) | 44.4 (20) | 40.0 (18) | 0.670 |
| Aspirin, % (n) | 53.3 (24) | 51.1 (23) | 0.833 |
| Diuretics, % (n) | 8.9 (4) | 13.3 (6) | 0.502 |
| Fasting blood glucose, mg/dL | 121±34 | 122±36 | 0.865 |
| Urea, mg/dL | 47.4±23 | 43.6±34 | 0.541 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.05±0.97 | 0.87±0.1 | 0.233 |
| Uric acid, mg/dL | 5.9±1.44 | 5.3±1.32 | 0.135 |
| Total protein, g/dL | 6.5±0.54 | 6.4±0.43 | 0.518 |
| Albumin, g/dL | 3.6±0.4 | 3.7±0.4 | 0.095 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 173±42 | 190±37 | 0.343 |
| LDL-C, mg/dL | 113±23 | 125±21 | 0.211 |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | 45±13 | 44±11 | 0.497 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL | 129±64 | 125±43 | 0.775 |
| Troponin I median (25th-75th), ng/ml | 0.350 (0.240-0.470) | 0.055 (0.016-0.203) | <0.001 |
| Pro-BNP, median (25th-75th), ng/L | 2455 (1160-3690) | 32 (26-36) | <0.001 |
| Apelin median (25th-75th), ng/ml | 172 (150-207) | 375 (340-417) | <0.001 |
| LVEF, % | 56.5±8.3 | 59.4±7.5 | 0.341 |
| AVA, cm2 | 0.73±0.12 | - | - |
| Mean gradient (mmHg) | 50±10.7 | - | - |
| E/A ratio | 1.01±0.11 | 0.97±0.11 | 0.671 |
| Septal/lateral e' (mean) | 6.9±1.1 | 8.1±1.4 | 0.001 |
| IVRT (msn) | 104±6.6 | 81±5.3 | <0.001 |
| E/e' ratio | 8.5±1.57 | 6.1±1.25 | <0.001 |
| LV mass index, g/m2 | 130±13.4 | 92±10.8 | <0.001 |
ACE-i=angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB=angiotensin receptor blockers; AVA=aortic valve area; BMI=body mass index; HDL-C=high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; IVRT=isovolumetric relaxation time; LDL-C=Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LV=left ventricular; LVEF=left ventricular ejection fraction; Pro-BNP=pro-brain natriuretic peptide; TAVI=transcatheter aortic valve implantation