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. 2021 Aug 3;10:e71047. doi: 10.7554/eLife.71047

Figure 7. Schematic depicting how endomembrane targeting of OAS1 p46 primes antiviral activity against positive-strand RNA viruses.

Figure 7.

A splice-acceptor SNP (rs10774671) controls production of the p42/p46 OAS1 isoforms. Isoform-specific prenylation localizes p46 to the Golgi apparatus, while OAS1 p42 is cytosolic. During positive-strand RNA virus infection, OAS1 p46 is recruited to virus replication organelles (VROs) of flaviviruses, picornaviruses and coronaviruses. Through this targeting p46 gains enhanced access to viral RNA. OAS1 p42 remains cytosolic and nuclear during infection and has limited access to viral RNA. Both OAS1 isoforms require catalytic activity and RNase L to be antiviral.