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. 2021 Apr 8;14(5):661–672. doi: 10.1007/s40271-021-00506-2

Table 2.

Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants

Characteristic Primary CVD prevention (n = 491) Secondary CVD prevention (n = 514)
Sex, n (%)
 Female 248 (51) 247 (48)
Age (years), mean (standard deviation) 62.5 (6.3) 62.2 (6.6)
Marital status, n (%)
 Married 355 (72) 387 (75)
 Widowed 36 (7) 45 (9)
 Divorced 22 (4) 30 (6)
 Separated 30 (6) 25 (5)
 Single 48 (10) 27 (5)
Education, n (%)
 Primary school 78 (16) 168 (33)
 High school 270 (55) 250 (49)
 College or higher 143 (29) 96 (19)
Body mass index (kg/m2)
 Mean (standard deviation) 26.8 (5.7) 26.4 (4.3)
 Missing, n (%) 19 (4) 76 (15)
Smoking status, n (%)
 Current smoker 222 (45) 144 (28)
 Former smoker 32 (7) 156 (30)
 Never smoked 237 (48) 214 (42)
Current medical conditions, n (%)
 Atherosclerosis 19 (4) 84 (16)
 Cancer other than colorectal cancer 6 (1) 4 (1)
 Colorectal cancer 3 (1) 0
 Congestive heart failure 8 (2) 98 (19)
 Diabetes, type 1 23 (5) 4 (1)
 Diabetes, type 2 200 (41) 103 (20)
 Heart arrhythmias 17 (3) 151 (29)
 Heart valve problems 9 (2) 89 (17)
 High cholesterol 465 (95) 344 (67)
 Hypertension 464 (95) 394 (77)
 Myocardial infarction 0 185 (36)
 Peripheral arterial disease 5 (1) 23 (4)
 Stable angina 0 159 (31)
 Ischaemic stroke 0 58 (11)
 Transient ischemic attack 0 137 (27)
 Unstable angina 0 71 (14)
Current heart medications, n (%)a
 Cholesterol-lowering drugs 420 (86) 367 (71)
 Antihypertensive drugs 444 (90) 397 (77)
 Low-dose aspirin 230 (47) 258 (50)
 Other antiplatelets or anticoagulants   Other than aspirin 13 (3) 193 (38)
 Otherb 14 (3) 11 (2)
 None 0 0

CVD cardiovascular disease

aInformation on current heart medications was collected with the question “Which of the following medications are you currently taking for your heart disease?”

bBased on participant responses for a free-text “Other” response option