Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Mar 2;110(2):346–360. doi: 10.1002/cpt.2194

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2021 The Authors. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

PMC Copyright notice

Overview of the use of biomarker‐informed treatment individualization strategies. Current empirical antibiotic treatments are associated with significant risk of toxicity (red), treatment failure (green), and antibiotic resistance development (purple). These risks could be reduced by optimizing antibiotic treatments at an individual level. Specifically, treatment individualization strategies informed by biomarkers (blue) could play an important part. Such biomarkers can inform on pharmacokinetics (PKs), efficacy, and toxicity, and guide the treatment throughout all phases of infection.