TABLE 4.

Characterization of adalimumab after passage through a glass vial, a syringe, or a syringe with a hollow microneedle (Syr. + MN), at 0 hours and after storage at 4°C for 4 hours. Representative data of 2 independent experiments

	Time point	0 h			4 h
	Condition	Vial	Syr.	Syr. + MN	Vial	Syr.	Syr. + MN
UV spectroscopy	a/b ratio	1.46	1.46	1.45	1.38	1.41	1.44
DLS	Z‐average diameter	3.76	3.68	3.99	3.59	3.61	4.23
	In nm (SD)	(0.01)	(0.03)	(0.33)	(0.03)	(0.07)	(0.04)
	Polydispersity index	0.191	0.203	0.191	0.188	0.177	0.182
	(SD)	(0.003)	(0.039)	(0.002)	(0.001)	(0.080)	(0.009)
HP‐SEC	Monomer content (%)	99.8	98.0	98.0	99.6	99.6	99.6
	Dimer content (%)	0.2	2.0	2.0	0.4	0.4	0.4
	Molecular weight monomer (kDa)	157	150	153	155	155	155
NTA size estimation	Mean in nm (SD)	429 (233)	408 (180)	463 (330)	386 (182)	391 (234)	352 (179)
MFI	Particles ≥2 μm/mL	3064	2948	2948	2434	2376	1773

DLS: dynamic light scattering; SD: standard deviation; HP‐SEC: high‐pressure size‐exclusion chromatography; NTA: nanoparticle tracking analysis; MFI: micro‐flow imaging.

UV spectroscopy, HP‐SEC and MFI were measured with adalimumab samples diluted to 1 mg/mL, DLS and NTA in a concentration of 10 mg/mL.