Table 1.
Main characteristics of all articles included in the meta-analysis
| Order | Studies | Year | Country | Design | No. knees RA-UKA |
Follow-up (month) | Complication | Revision | Robot systems |
Function scoring system |
| 1 | Cobb et al25 | 2006 | UK | RCT | 19 15 |
4.5 | 1 2 |
Null | Acrobot system (Acrobot) |
AKSS, WOMAC |
| 2 | Lonner and Moretti3 | 2010 | USA | PCT | 31 27 |
3 | 1 0 |
Null | Tactile Guidance System (MAKO) | Null |
| 3 | Hansen et al14 | 2014 | USA | Case–control | 30 32 |
24 | 7 3 |
0 1 |
RIO System (MAKO) |
Recovery time first, ambulation |
| 4 | MacCallum et al23 | 2016 | USA | PCT | 87 177 |
32.4 | 3 7 |
3 7 |
RIO System (Stryker Mako) |
Null |
| 5 | Blyth et al15 | 2017 | UK | RCT | 64 65 |
12 | 1 1 |
Null | Acrobot system (Acrobot) |
AKSS |
| 6 | Gilmour et al30 | 2018 | UK | RCT | 58 54 |
24 | 0 2 |
0 2 |
RIO System (MAKO) |
AKSS, OKS, FJS, pain VAS |
| 7 | Kayani et al31 | 2018 | UK | PCT | 60 60 |
1 | 0 2 |
Null | RIO System (MAKO) |
Null |
| 8 | Batailler et al32 | 2018 | France | Case–control | 80 80 |
19.7 | 4 7 |
4 7 |
Navio system (Smith and Nephew) | IKSS |
| 9 | Canetti et al33 | 2018 | France | Retrospective cohort | 11 17 |
39.3 | 0 1 |
Null | Navio system (Smith and Nephew) | IKSS |
| 10 | Banger et al34 | 2019 | UK | RCT | 74 65 |
60 | 0 6 |
0 2 |
RIO System (MAKO) |
AKSS, JFS, pain VAS, stiffness, VAS, OKS |
| 11 | Wong et al16 | 2019 | USA | Retrospective cohort | 58 118 |
3 | 7 7 |
7 7 |
RIO System (MAKO) |
SF-12, WOMAC, KSFS |
| 12 | Cool et al19 | 2019 | USA | Retrospective comparative study | 246 492 |
24 | 2 26 |
2 26 |
Null | Null |
| 13 | Kayani et al35 | 2019 | UK | PCT | 73 73 |
3 | 0 2 |
Null | RIO System (MAKO) | Pain scores, opiate analgesia, straight leg raise, knee flexion |
| 14 | Vakharia et al17 | 2019 | USA | Retrospective comparative study | 13 617 21 444 |
36 | 125 1327 |
125 1327 |
Null | Null |
| 15 | Mergenthaler et al26 | 2020 | France | Case–control | 200 191 |
24 | 19 34 |
8 21 |
Navio system (Smith and Nephew) | KSS score |
| 16 | St Mart et al18 | 2020 | Australia | Retrospective comparative study | 2851 9561 |
46 | 47 301 |
47 301 |
Mako-assisted Restoris (MAKO) | Null |
PCT, prospective cohort trial; RA-UKA, robotic-assisted unicompartmental knee arthroplasty; RCT, randomised controlled trial.