Table 1.

ALI/ARDS risk factors.

Frequency	Direct (pulmonary) lung injury	Indirect (extrapulmonary) lung injury
Common	Pneumonia Aspiration of gastric contents	Non-pulmonary sepsis Major trauma
Less common	Lung contusion Inhalation of toxic gases (NO2, ammonia, phosgene) Near drowning Embolism (fat embolism, amniotic fluid embolism) Reperfusion edema following lung transplantation	Transfusion of blood products Acute pancreatitis Hemorrhagic shock or reperfusion injury Drug overdose (narcotics, sedatives, aspirin, thiazides)