Haplotype frequencies across different world populations (1000 Genomes Project). Populations are clustered in superpopulations and visualized in different colours. Individual bars represent haplotype frequencies of populations with the corresponding population code. The shaded bars represent the average haplotype frequency in the superpopulation. The haplotype code H1–H6 refers to the corresponding haplotype, as defined in our study (Table 3). Haplotype data are based on the phase 3 analysis of the 1000 Genomes Project, including a total of n = 2504 genomes.34 Superpopulation code: AFR: African; AMR: Ad Mixed American; EAS: East Asian; EUR: European; SAS: South Asian. Population code: ACB: African Caribbeans in Barbados; ASW: Americans of African Ancestry in SW USA; BEB: Bengali from Bangladesh; GBR: British in England and Scotland; CDX: Chinese Dai in Xishuangbanna, China; CLM: Colombians from Medellin, Colombia; ESN: Esan in Nigeria; FIN: Finnish in Finland; GWD: Gambian in Western Divisions in the Gambia; GIH: Gujarati Indian from Houston, Texas; CHB: Han Chinese in Beijing, China; IBS: Iberian Population in Spain; ITU: Indian Telugu from the UK; JPT: Japanese in Tokyo, Japan; KHV: Kinh in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; LWK: Luhya in Webuye, Kenya; MSL: Mende in Sierra Leone; MXL: Mexican Ancestry from Los Angeles, USA; PEL: Peruvians from Lima, Peru; PUR: Puerto Ricans from Puerto Rico; PJL: Punjabi from Lahore, Pakistan; CHS: Southern Han Chinese; STU: Sri Lankan Tamil from the UK; TSI: Toscani in Italia; CEU: Utah Residents (CEPH) with Northern and Western European Ancestry; YRI: Yoruba in Ibadan, Nigeria; AFR: African; AMR: Ad Mixed American; EAS: East Asian; EUR: European; SAS: South Asian