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. 2021 Aug 12;129(8):087003. doi: 10.1289/EHP8795

Table 2.

Literature summary of transgenerational effects of the 13 compounds used in the EDC mixture.

F3 (Transgenerational)
Pubertal timing Fertility, EC, and Folloculogenesis Hypothalamic effects
GnRH Kisspeptin ERα OXT TH
Di-n-butyl phthalate
Di(2-ethylexyl) phthalate Rattan et al. 2018b Pocar et al. 2017; Rattan et al. 2018a, 2018b, 2019; Brehm et al. 2018
Bisphenol A Ziv-Gal et al. 2015 Ziv-Gal et al. 2015; Drobna et al. 2018; Berger et al. 2016 Goldsby et al. 2017 Wolstenholme et al. 2012
Vinclozolin Nilsson et al. 2012, 2018 Gillette et al. 2015
Procymidon
Prochrloraz
Linuron
Epoxinaxole
4-Methyl-benzylidene camphor
Octyl methoxycinnamate
p,p′-DDE
Butylparaben
Acetaminophen
Phthalate and/or plasticizers mixturesa Zhou et al. 2017 Manikkam et al. 2012a, 2013; Zhou et al. 2017

Note: —, no data available; EC, estrous cyclicity; EDC, endocrine-disrupting chemicals; ER, estrogen receptor; GnRH, gonadotrophin-releasing hormone; OXT, oxytocin; p,p′-DDE, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase.

a

The studies used some of the EDCs found in our mixture.