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. 2021 May 6;62(4):468–475. doi: 10.1111/sjop.12730

Table 1.

Means, standard deviations, and MANCOVA for pathological narcissism

Control Group

n = 154

Clinical Group

n = 70

M (SD) M (SD) F p
PNI contingent self‐esteem 2.72 (0.986) 3.63 (1.07) 30.03 <0.001
PNI exploitative 3.23 (0.866) 3.07 (1.02) 7.18 <0.001
PNI hiding the self 3.60 (0.971) 4.00 (0.837) 8.00 <0.001
PNI self enhancement 3.67 (0.896) 4.13 (0.924) 15.48 <0.001
PNI grandiose fantasy 2.64 (0.879) 2.72 (0.910) 17.45 <0.001
PNI devaluing 2.59 (0.979) 3.24 (0.938) 22.04 <0.001
PNI entitlement 3.19 (1.02) 3.22 (1.18) 16.34 <0.001
PNI grandiosity 3.36 (0.792) 3.47 (0.739) 22.41 <0.001
PNI vulnerability 2.92 (0.837) 3.66 (0.830) 39.49 <0.001

PNI = Pathological Narcissism Inventory.