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. 2021 Aug 12;11:16378. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-95839-1

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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IL-34 promoted the proliferation of RA-FLSs by regulating IL-17. (A) The MTT assay was used to measure RA-FLS proliferation. RA-FLSs were treated with different concentrations of IL-34 (0 ng/ml, 25 ng/ml, 50 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml). (B) RA-FLSs were treated with IL-34 (100 ng/ml) or IL-34 (100 ng/ml) + PB (4 µM).The differences between the four groups were tested by ANOVA. Statistical comparisons between two groups were performed by t-tests. The data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001 vs the 0 group; ^#P < 0.05, ^###P < 0.001 vs the 25 group; ^▲P < 0.05 vs the 50 group; ^$$$P < 0.001 vs the IL-34 group.