Table 5.
SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (as of July 22, 2021)
| Variant | Mutations of interest | Clade | Date of emergence | First detection in human population | Country of likely origin | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B.1.1.7 (VOC2020 12/01, 501.V1, Alpha) |
S: 69-70del S: Y144del S: N501Y S: D614G S: P681H |
GRY | September, 2020 | December, 2020 | United Kingdom | [89, 99, 190] |
| B.1.351 (501.V2, Beta) |
S: K417N S: E484K S: N501Y S: D614G S: A701V |
GH | October, 2020 | December, 2020 | South Africa | [100, 101, 190] |
| P.1 (501.V3, Gamma) |
S: K417T S: E484K S: N501Y S: D614G |
GR | July, 2020 | January, 2021 | Brazil | [101, 190, 194] |
| B.1.617.2 (Delta) |
S: L452R S: T478K S: D614G S: P681R |
G | October, 2020 | December, 2020 | India | [196, 201, 202, 346] |
Variant names are based on Rambaut et al.’s classification [347]. Other commonly used names are mentioned in brackets. Mutations mentioned here are non-synonymous mutations that are speculated to confer some functional significance. These variants contain other mutations that may also contribute to viral advantages [89, 99–101]. Updated information about SARS-CoV-2 VOCs can be accessed through the GISAID resource (https://www.gisaid.org). Dates of emergence are based on retrospective analyses. S, spike. del, deletion