Table 4.
Right-sided surgeries and predictors of surgical outcome
| Variables included in the model | Seizure free (yes versus no) |
Engel I versus II-IV |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted C: 0.703 |
Adjusted C: 0.666 |
|||||||||
| Not sz free | sz free | P-value | coef | Engel II–IV | Engel I | P-value | coef | |||
| (n = 73) | (n = 116) | (n = 56) | (n = 133) | |||||||
| Clinical variables | Preop sz freq | 18.1 ± 38.3 | 10.6 ± 19.5 | 0.08 | −0.014 | 21.0 ± 42.9 | 10.3 ± 18.5 | 0.01 | −0.022 | |
| Gender | Male | 33(45.2) | 57(49.1) | 0.56 | 0.226 | |||||
| Epilepsy duration | 21.3 ± 15.4 | 19.1 ± 13.6 | 0.16 | −0.023 | ||||||
| GTCS | Yes | 63(88.7) | 92(80.7) | 0.05 | −1.114 | 47(87.0) | 108(82.4) | 0.52 | −0.353 | |
| Type of surgery | Sparing | 12 (16.44) | 10 (8.26) | 0.14 | −1.362 | 11 (19.64) | 11 (8.27) | 0.009 | −2.292 | |
| Resection | 50 (68.49) | 85 (73.28) | 0.38 | −0.531 | 38 (67.86) | 97 (72.93) | 0.09 | −1.043 | ||
| MRI | Normal | 15 (20.55) | 18 (15.65) | 0.58 | 0.323 | 13 (23.21) | 20 (15.15) | 0.58 | 0.31 | |
| Etiology | MTS | 27(37.0) | 62(53.4) | 0.46 | −0.688 | 20(35.7) | 69(51.9) | 0.15 | −1.350 | |
| Tumour | 6(8.2) | 11(9.5) | 0.56 | −1.767 | 4(7.1) | 13(9.8) | 0.75 | −0.360 | ||
| Other | 36(49.3) | 36(31.0) | 0.06 | −0.620 | 29(51.8) | 43(32.3) | 0.05 | −1.870 | ||
| qMRI-specific regions | Mean volume (percentile) | Mean volume (percentile) | ||||||||
| Right hemispheric regions | Right parahippocampal | 25.1 ± 24.1 | 32.7 ± 29.4 | 0.20 | 0.010 | |||||
| Right middle temporal | 26.0 ± 27.6 | 33.0 ± 30.0 | 0.18 | 0.010 | ||||||
| Right transverse temporal | 52.7 ± 33.9 | 60.4 ± 30.1 | 0.02 | 0.014 | ||||||
| Right pericalcarine | 53.6 ± 31.0 | 63.6 ± 29.8 | 0.03 | 0.014 | ||||||
| Right entorhinal cortex | 27.7 ± 30.7 | 47.1 ± 36.0 | 0.02 | 0.013 | 31.4 ± 33.0 | 43.1 ± 35.8 | 0.03 | 0.012 | ||
| Right inferior frontal | 37.5 ± 30.6 | 30.5 ± 27.4 | 0.21 | −0.009 | ||||||
| Left hemispheric regions | Left medial parietal | 66.5 ± 27.7 | 59.4 ± 31.3 | 0.02 | −0.016 | |||||
| Left rostral anterior cingulate | 59.4 ± 28.1 | 51.8 ± 29.0 | 0.14 | −0.011 | 61.1 ± 28.4 | 52.0 ± 28.6 | 0.054 | −0.014 | ||
| Left pericalcarine | 48.5 ± 34.0 | 59.4 ± 30.4 | 0.03 | 0.014 | ||||||
| Left primary motor | 49.6 ± 32.7 | 40.4 ± 32.5 | 0.004 | −0.019 | ||||||
| qMRI-asymmetry index | Mean percentile | Mean percentile | ||||||||
| Asym index percentile | Isthmus cingulate Asym | 46.2 ± 34.2 | 54.5 ± 31.4 | 0.07 | 0.012 | |||||
| Nucleus accumbens Asym | 42.5 ± 33.7 | 50.5 ± 33.3 | 0.004 | 0.018 | ||||||
| Paracentral Asym | 45.2 ± 33.6 | 54.0 ± 29.4 | 0.004 | 0.021 | ||||||
| Superior parietal Asym | 55.7 ± 33.8 | 64.2 ± 29.8 | 0.056 | 0.012 | ||||||
Statistics presented as mean ± SD or N (column %).
Asym = asymmetry; coef = model's coefficient; GTC = generalized tonic-clonic seizures; MTS = mesial temporal sclerosis; Pre-op sz freq = pre-operative seizure frequency; P-values = model's P-value; qMRI = quantitative magnetic resonance image.