Table 3.

Path coefficients based on the final model

Path			Unstandardized coefficient estimate	S.E	P value	Standardized coefficient estimate
Health literacy	←	Education	3.893	0.226	< 0.001	0.293
Health literacy	←	Income	1.508	0.195	< 0.001	0.135
Self-efficacy	←	Age	− 0.008	0.002	< 0.001	− 0.084
Self-efficacy	←	Income	0.096	0.019	< 0.001	0.090
Self-efficacy	←	Health literacy	0.009	0.002	< 0.001	0.099
Health behavior	←	Education	0.250	0.037	< 0.001	0.127
Health behavior	←	Income	0.182	0.031	< 0.001	0.111
Health behavior	←	Health literacy	0.010	0.003	< 0.001	0.070
Health status	←	Age	− 0.175	0.015	< 0.001	− 0.197
Health status	←	Income	1.491	0.179	< 0.001	0.156
Health status	←	Health literacy	0.049	0.015	0.001	0.057
Health status	←	Self-efficacy	1.557	0.147	< 0.001	0.173
Health status	←	Health behavior	0.237	0.089	0.007	0.041