Table VII.
Results of the multivariate model stratified by areas with 42 municipalities in Shizuoka Prefecture
| Variable (reference), N = 487,719∗ | Category or unit | Multivariate model 3† |
Multivariate model 4† |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Age | 10.8 | 1.11 (1.06-1.16) | <.001 | 1.11 (1.06-1.16) | <.001 |
| Sex (women) | Men | 1.11 (1.02-1.2) | .015 | 1.1 (1.02-1.2) | .019 |
| BMI | 3.4 | 1.09 (1.05-1.14) | <.001 | ||
| Current smoker (No) | Yes | 1.47 (1.32-1.64) | <.001 | 1.46 (1.31-1.63) | <.001 |
| Walking or exercise ≥1 h/wk (Yes) | No | 1.12 (1.04-1.21) | .003 | 1.25 (1.15-1.35) | <.001 |
| Weight increment ≥10 kg since the age of 20 y (No) | Yes | 1.12 (1.04-1.2) | .004 | ||
| Eats dinner within 2 h before bedtime ≥3 times/wk (No) | Yes | 0.96 (0.86-1.08) | .499 | 0.96 (0.86-1.07) | .455 |
| Use of hypotensive agents (No) | Yes | 0.16 (1.06-0.98) | .158 | 1.07 (0.99-1.16) | .108 |
| Use of lipid-lowering agents (No) | Yes | 0.98 (0.94-1.02) | .319 | 0.98 (0.94-1.02) | .353 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 31.4 | 1.01 (0.97-1.05) | .601 | 1.01 (0.97-1.05) | .752 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 16.7 | 0.31 (1.05-0.96) | .313 | 1.05 (0.96-1.15) | .300 |
| Use of antidiabetic agents (No) | Yes | 0.16 (0.91-0.8) | .160 | 0.92 (0.8-1.04) | .184 |
| GGT (IU/L) | 47.1 | 1.04 (1.01-1.06) | .003 | 1.04 (1.01-1.06) | .004 |
| Estimated GFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 15.7 | 0.98 (0.94-1.03) | .425 | 0.98 (0.94-1.02) | .396 |
ALT, Alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HR, hazard ratio; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.
The categorical variable for area was missing in 116 cases.
Multivariate models 3 and 4 included a categorical variable for area in models 1 and 2 (Table VI). The 42 municipalities (number of individuals [% against overall patients]) in Shizuoka Prefecture were, in descending order, Fuji (34,085 cases [7.06%]); Shimizu-ku, Shizuoka (33,708 cases [6.98%]); Aoi-ku, Shizuoka (32,781 cases [6.79%]); Naka-ku, Hamamatsu (32,686 cases [6.77%]); Numazu (30,917 cases [6.41%]); Suruga-ku, Shizuoka (25,395 cases [5.26%]); Fujieda (22,440 cases [4.65%]); Nishi-ku, Hamamatsu (16,704 cases [3.46%]); Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu (16,250 cases [3.37%]); Ito (15,034 cases [3.12%]); Hamakita-ku, Hamamatsu (14,402 cases [2.98%]); Fujinomiya (13,722 cases [2.84%]); Gotenba (13,640 cases [2.83%]); Iwata (13,488 cases [2.79%]); Minami-ku, Hamamatsu (13,465 cases [2.79%]); Kita-ku, Hamamatsu (13,409 cases [2.78%]); Mishima (13,347 cases [2.77%]); Kakegawa (10,680 cases [2.21%]); Shimada (10,166 cases [2.11%]); Izunokuni (9820 cases [2.03%]); Susono (7853 cases [1.63%]); Kosai (7772 cases [1.61]); Izu (7726 cases [1.6%]); Atami (7177 cases [1.49%]); Tenryu-ku, Hamamatsu (6294 cases [1.3%]); Kannami-cho, Tagata-cho (5989 cases [1.24%]); Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun (5367 cases [1.11%]); Shimizu-cho, Sunto-gun (4743 cases [0.98%]); Omaezaki (4371 cases [0.91%]); Kikugawa (4288 cases [0.89%]); Fukuroi (4225 cases [0.88%]); Shimoda (3894 cases [0.81%]); Oyama-cho, Sunto-gun (3581 cases [0.74%]); Yoshida-cho, Haibara (2793 cases [0.58%]); Higashiizu-cho, Kamo-gun (2656 cases [0.55%]); Yaizu (2480 cases [0.51%]); Mori-machi, Syuti-gun (2258 cases [0.47%]); Nishiizu-cho, Kamo-gun (1800 cases [0.37%]); Kawanehon-cho, Haibara-gun (1758 cases [0.36%]); Minamiizu-cho, Kamo-gun (1599 cases [0.33%]); Kawazu-cho, Kamo-gun (1503 cases [0.31%]); and Matsuzaki-cho, Kamo-gun (1349 cases [0.28%]).