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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Oct 10.
Published in final edited form as: Sci Total Environ. 2021 Jun 1;790:148164. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148164

Table 5.

Summary of EF calculation details and results for other mining sites.

Reference EF Values Site Location Elements Mined Extraction Solvent EF Reference
Demkova 2020 Min, Mid, Max
As: 3.16, 31.62, 1000
Cu: 1.58, 6.31, 31.62
Ni: 0.40, 1.58, 19.95
Pb: 0.79, 3.16, 19.95
Zn: 0.63, 12.59, 15.85		 Former mining village Nižná Slaná, Slovakia Iron ores, precious metals (Ag, pure Hg, vermilion) 5 mL of 69% HNO3, 1 mL of 30% H2O2, and 5 mL double deionized water Based on correlation coefficient analysis
Sorooshian 2012 Average EF for multiple particle diameters (Dp)
As: 1–10, with 100+ for Dp < 1.0 μm
Cd: 1 – 10
Pb: 1 – 10		 Hayden and Winkelman, Arizona, United States
(First panel of Figure 4 in Sorooshian 2012) 		Copper 15 mL of aqua regia (1.03 M HNO3/2.23 M HCl trace-metal grade) Sc
Zhou 2020 Range
Fe: 7.66 – 16.6
Ni: 0.0 – 0.3
Cu: 12.4 – 30.3
Zn: 13.5 – 20.2
Pb: 10.9 – 20.3		 Huangshi city, Hubei province, People’s Republic of China Steel, bronze Elemental components were directly analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (PANalytical, Epsilon 5, Netherlands) Ti