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. 2021 Jul 30;12:678369. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.678369

Table 2.

Impact Event Scale-Revised.

Variable HPDE HPOF Statistics Effect size p-value
IES-R 26.47 ± 11.7 18.14 ± 10.6 10.049 0.78c 0.00*
Normal 109 191 41.77b 0.24d 0.00*
Mild 155 128
Moderate 34 32
Severe 13 21
Subgroup
Intrusion 10.28 ± 4,7 7.37 ± 4.2 8.774a 0.65c 0.00*
Avoidance 8.97 ± 4.3 6.39 ± 3.9 8.456a 0.63c 0.00*
Hyperarousal 7.20 ± 3.2 4.38 ± 2.6 13.128a 0.98c 0.00*

HPDE, frontline healthcare providers who had been dispatched to the epicenter of COVID-19 in China; HPOF, frontline healthcare providers in the original medical facility.

a

χ2-value.

b

t-value.

c

Cohen's d.

d

Cramer's V.

*

P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.