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. 2021 Aug 3;17(8):e1009699. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009699

Fig 12. Working model of OsMADS23 conferring the osmotic stress tolerance via the ABA signaling in rice.

Fig 12

ABA, which is induced by abiotic stress such as drought or salt stress, inhibits the activity of OsPP2Cs to release the kinase activity of SAPK9 for further activation of OsMADS23 through phosphorylation. OsMADS23 could promote the ABA levels through directly activating the expression of OsNCEDs. Meanwhile, OsMADS23 also enhanced proline content by targeting proline synthesis gene OsP5CR. The circled “P” indicates phosphorylation (+P).