Table 1.

Inferred topic analysis of the COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy cluster (November 19 to November 26, 2020).

Topic	Topic keywords bi-gram (tf-idf)	Inferred topic	Tweets (N=146,191), n (%)
1	Countries test, results multinational, multinational companies, the Johnson, commie, passes two, proposing freedom, commie proposing, full commie, Johnson government, gone full, government gone	Trust in the government	33,578 (23.0%)
2	Tanked economy, tweet day, bell, disturbing tweet, day professor, most disturbing, bell talking, professor sir, irving bell, john irving, irving, sir john	COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: Efficacy	30,576 (20.9%)
3	Produced cell, unlicensed produced, lines aborted, shots wont, HIV/AIDS, won’t walk, test enough, infection enough, antibodies past, enough effective, enough antibodies, past infection	COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: Efficacy	28,818 (19.7%)
4	Presi, COVID literally, one two, presi im, corner presi, literaly around, im sitting, sitting thinking, thinking incredible, incredible one	Support for Trump’s management of the COVID-19 crisis	11,631 (8.0%)
5	nick healthy, jer, emtfire, gau nick, jer gau, damage jer, dayprofessor sir, tweet dayprofessor, dayprofessor	COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: Side effects	9579 (6.6%)
6	Passports we, elite continue, the elite, commercial flights, fly private, breaking qantas, ceo confirms, you’ve vaccinated, compulsory international, international, confirms proof, proof you’ve	Trust in multinational corporations	9286 (6.4%)
7	Attacked, attacked since, since apr, apr highlighting, highlighting imp, viciously, imp tcell, sarscov, despite published, published COVID, viciously attacked, ive viciously	COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: Efficacy	7896 (5.4%)
8	Label new, staff form, group label, jabs poison, longterm tcell, immunity cases, watch interview, interview dr, science longterm, discussing hysteria, phd discussing, dr phd.	COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: Efficacy	6921 (4.7%)
9	Arn caca, quand, faire, arn, bonjour, confinement vaccin, avec, caca, confinement, vaccin contre, contre le, le vaccin	COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: Side effects	2822 (1.9%)
10	Coronavirus im, pr quarter, newspapers, im delighted, delighted mainstream, mainstream newspapers, newspapers picking, picking pr.	COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: Efficacy	2320 (1.6%)
11	Fly must, want fly, begins if, must take	Trust in multinational corporations	1586 (1.1%)
12	Protestors, force in, could force, COVID law, authorities could, Denmark, proposed forced, protesting proposed, protestors protesting, in Denmark, Denmark protestors, law authorities	Trust in the government	1178 (0.8%)