Table 1.
Baseline characteristics.
| Total (n = 300) | Without CV outcomes (n =277) | With CV outcomes (n = 23) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 67.1 ± 13.2 | 66.2 ± 13.8 | 74.5 ± 9.9 | 0.005 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 119 (39.7) | 107 (38.6) | 12 (52.2) | 0.202 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.3 ± 3.6 | 24.3 ± 3.6 | 25.0 ± 3.6 | 0.357 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 171 (57.0) | 155 (56.0) | 16 (69.6) | 0.205 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 61 (20.3) | 54 (19.5) | 7 (30.4) | 0.210 |
| CKD, n (%) | 22 (7.3) | 16 (5.8) | 6 (26.1) | <0.001 |
| AF, n (%) | 54 (18.0) | 48 (17.3) | 6 (26.1) | 0.293 |
| CAD, n (%) | 39 (13.0) | 30 (10.8) | 9 (39.1) | <0.001 |
| HFpEF, n (%) | 5 (1.7) | 4 (1.4) | 1 (4.3) | 0.296 |
| Medications, n (%) | ||||
| RAAS blockers | 141 (47.0) | 122 (44.0) | 19 (82.6) | <0.001 |
| Beta blockers | 39 (13.0) | 36 (13.0) | 3 (13.0) | 0.995 |
| CCB | 69 (23.0) | 64 (23.1) | 5(21.7) | 0.881 |
| Diuretics | 78 (26.0) | 68 (24.5) | 10 (43.5) | 0.047 |
| Statin | 89 (29.7) | 81 (29.2) | 8 (34.8) | 0.576 |
| V lead position, n (%) | ||||
| Apex | 273 (91.0) | 250 (90.3) | 23 (100.0) | 0.117 |
| Septum | 27 (9.0) | 27 (9.7) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Pacing percentage, % | 60.4 ± 42.4 | 61.3 ± 42.3 | 49.7 ± 42.6 | 0.211 |
CV, cardiovascular; BMI, body mass index; CKD, chronic kidney disease; AF, atrial fibrillation; CAD, coronary artery disease; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; RAAS, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; CCB, calcium channel blockers; V, ventricular.