Quantitative phosphoproteomics.A, Volcano plot illustrating changes in phosphosite abundance between COVID-19-positive (n = 8) and negative controls (n = 8). Phosphosites with a positive fold change are upregulated in COVID-19-positive subjects, and significantly regulated sites are colored in red. B, heat map depicting relative abundance changes in abundance for select significantly regulated phosphosites. C, sequence logos representing enriched phosphorylation motifs identified in the downregulated phosphosites using the motif-x algorithm. Predicted upstream kinases for phosphosites that contain the enriched motifs are plotted in a bar chart (right). COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019.